Table of Contents
Fundamentals of ERP
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In this section I covered all the reference material (Vocational Skills for 12th Class IT&ITes) with Mcqs for class 12th students trade IT&ITes. Please share and spread knowledge.
Q1. To plain and manage all the resources of the organization —– systems are used
1. ERP
2. BOM
3. MRP
4. all of the above
Q2. ERP systems set of generic processes, produce the dramatic improvements that they are capable of only when used to connect parts of an organization and integrate its various processes seamlessly.
1. True
2. False
Q3. ERP packages were targeted at the manufacturing industry and consisted mainly of functions for —– and managing core business.
1. Advertisement
2. Marketing
3. Planning
4. Controlling
Q4. ERP was historically developed from the methods of —–
1. BOM
2. IT
3. MRP and MRP-II
4. none of the above
Q5. The attraction of information integration meant for —–
1. CEO
2. CFO
3. ERP Vendors
4. All of the above
Q6. Application area of ERP markets are
1. Share market
2. Mergers and acquisitions for strategic
3. competition
4. all of the above
Q7. Industry analysis is forecasting growth rates of ERP more than —– for at least the next five years.
1. 38%
2. 30%
3. 60%
4. 45%
Q8. ERP stands for
1. Enterprise Resource Planning
2. Energy Resource Planning
3. Enterprises Recovery Planning
4. Enterprises Resource plane
Q9. ERP system gets the right information at the right time to the right people
1. true
2. false
Q10. ERP software also provides for the analysis of an organization’s data for the purpose of
1. planning2.
2. production
3. forecasting sales, analyzing quality
4. All of the above
Q11. ERP is a collection of software programs which ties together all of an enterprise’s various functions
1. HR
2. Finance
3. Manufacturing & sales
4. All of the above
Q12. The main reason for the popularity of ERP is the efficiency that an ERP system brings into an organization in the areas of —–that can be used for long-term planning.
1. Analysis and reporting
2. Controlling
3. Mgmt.
4. Planning
Q13. An enterprise may be defined as an organization of people that uses technology and carries out predefined process to deliver
1. products
2. services
3. All of the above
4. None of the above
Q14. ERP provides support to the enterprise for achievement of it’s —– by building up an integrated system enabling planning and mgmt. of its resources.
1. business plan
2. strategies
3. All of the above
4. None of the above
Q15. ERP comprises a number of modules that permits flow of information seamlessly from one to another, avoiding redundant work and ensuring accuracy of data and instant updation to assist decision making.
1. true
2. false
Q16. ERP does not follow back-office (Internal) and front-office concepts (external means customer-orientation)
1. true
2. false
Q17. An enterprise model is build around the following 4 productive resources.
1. People & Processes
2. Technology
3. All are correct
4. Product / Services
Q18. Management information system is an open, purposive system that produces information using the —–
1. Input process
2. Output process
3. Input-process-output cycle
4. all of the above
Q19. The elements of information system consists of —–
1. people
2. procedures
3. data
4. all of the above
Q20. An information system is an organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks and data resources that —–In an organization
1. Disseminates
2. collects
3. collates , transforms
4. all of the above
Q21. Management Information system also called Information-reporting systems
1. true
2. false
Q22. MIS produce information products that support many of the —– decision making needs of the management.
1. day-to-day
2. strategic
3. operational
4. both 1 and 3 are correct
Q23. In ERP responses are produced by managers in the form of —–
1. Reports
2. charts
3. graphs
4. all of the above
Q24. CALS stands for
1. Computer-Aided Acquisition and Logistics support
2. Common-Aided Acquisition and Logistics support
3. Computer-Animated Acquisition and Logistics support
4. Computer-Aided Acquisition and Language support
Q25. An Enterprise is a group of people with a common goal which has certain resources at its disposal to achieve that goal.
1. true
2. false
Q26. —– is one of the first activities in any ERP project
1. Modeling
2. Business Modeling
3. Financial control
4. planning
Q27. The information system must have the characteristics —–
1. accuracy
2. relevancy
3. timeliness
4. all of the above
Q28.In business modeling, we model the business as an integrated system, taking the processes managing its facilities and —– as a resources.
1. technology
2. Materials
3. all of the above
4. none of the above
Q29. In ERP implementation, one of the most frequently asked questions is “How much is it going to cost” The answer is that
1. it depends
2. atomization of work
3. different phases
4. all of the above
Q30.ERP provides decision making support system
1. timely
2. better decisions
3. all of the above
4. none of the above
Q31.ERP ensures material control and helps in avoiding —– redundancy
1. materials shortages
2. cost
3. quality
4. none of the above
Q32. ERP helps to ensure Quality, cash and fund mgmt to increase —–
1. productivity
2. reduction of cost
3. better control
4. all of the above
Q33. —– allows the latest technological developments like internet / intranet, E-commerce.
1. A & D
2. DB2
3. CAD
4. ERP
Q34. ERP systems by virtue of their integrated nature and by the use of latest technologies like EDI reduce the —– time and make it possible for the organization to have the items at the time they are needed that is just in time inventory system.
1. lag
2. lead
3. turnaround
4. current
Q35. EDI stands for —–
1. Electronic Digital interchange
2. Electronic Data interchange
3. E-mail Digital interchange
4. E-mail Data interchange
Q36. Using —– system, business can gain effective control over engineering change orders
1. ECC
2. ERP
3. ECO
4. EDI
Q37. The company can define the authorization steps for approving and implementing an Engineering change order (ECO) When these steps are completed, the —–system automatically implements the change in the production database
1. ECC
2. ERP
3. ECO
4. EDI
Q38. ERP systems are designed to help your company —– by providing link between engineering and production information.
1. trimming data transfer time
2. reduce error
3. increase design productivity
4. all of the above
Q39. The ERP systems help in automating the task and make the inventory mgmt more efficient and effective
1. true
2. false
Q40. EFT stands for —–
1. Electronic fund transmission
2. E-MAIL fund transfer
3. Electronic frequent transfer
4. Electronic funds transfer
Q41. Resources included are ___, ___&materials and all the other things that are required to run the enterprises.
1. Money, Manpower
2. Material , Manpower
3. Money , Material
4. None of the Above
Q42. Integrity, Innovation & Initiative is a part of Three T – philosophy.
1) True
2) False
43. Which of the following describes an ERP system?
A) ERP systems provide a foundation for collaboration between departments
B) ERP systems enable people in different business areas to communicate
C) ERP systems have been widely adopted in large organisations to store critical knowledge used to make the decisions that drive the organisation’s performance
D) All of the above
Answer: D
44. What is at the heart of any ERP system?
A) Information
B) Employees
C) Customers
D) Database
Answer: D
45. What must a system do to qualify as a true ERP solution?
A) Be flexible
B) Be modular and closed
C) Extend within the company
D) All of the above
Answer: A
46. Which of the following is a reason for ERPs explosive growth?
A) ERP is a logical solution to the mess of incompatible applications
B) ERP addresses the need for global information sharing and reporting
C) ERP is used to avoid the pain and expense of fixing legacy systems
D) All of the above
Answer: D
47. Which of the following occurs when everyone involved in sourcing, producing, and delivering the company’s product works with the same information?
A) Eliminates redundancies
B) Cuts down wasted time
C) Removes misinformation
D) All of the above
Answer: D
48. What are several different types of software, which sit in the middle of and provide connectivity between two or more software applications?
A) Middleware
B) Enterprise application integration middleware
C) Automated business process
D) e-business infrastructure
Answer: A
49. What represents a new approach to middleware by packaging together commonly used functionality, such as providing prebuilt links to popular enterprise applications, which reduces the time necessary to develop solutions that integrate applications from multiple vendors?
A) Middleware
B) Enterprise application integration middleware
C) Automated business process
D) e-business infrastructure
Answer: B
50. Who are the primary users of SCM systems?
A) Sales, marketing, customer service
B) Accounting, finance, logistics, and production
C) Customers, resellers, partners, suppliers, and distributors
D) All of the above
Answer: C
51. What are the primary business benefits of an ERP system?
A) Sales forecasts, sales strategies, and marketing campaigns
B) Market demand, resource and capacity constraints, and real-time scheduling
C) Forecasting, planning, purchasing, material management, warehousing, inventory, and distribution
D) All of the above
Answer: C
52. Who are the primary users of ERP systems?
A) Sales, marketing, customer service
B) Accounting, finance, logistics, and production
C) Customers, resellers, partners, suppliers, and distributors
D) All of the above
Answer: B
53. One way to facilitate production scheduling and production in firms making a large number of different final products is to use
A. planning bills
B. modular bills
C. phantom bills
D. overdue bills
Answer: B
Q54. Goods movements include both —– movements & —– movements of inventory items.
1. In & Out
2. External & Internal
3. None of the above
Q55. —– products feature a sophistication & robustness unmatched by other business software solution. The —– systems help in automating this task & thus make the inventory management more efficient & effective.
1. ERP, SAP
2. SAP, ERP
3. ERP, EDI
Q54. SIDO was established in.
1. 1995
2. 1991
3.1990
4.1978
Ans: 3
Q55. IPR 1956 re-emphasized the spirit of IPR 1980. T/F
Ans. False
Q56. IPR ___ initiated the modern SSI in India.
1. 1956
2. 1952
3. 1990
4.1948
Ans:1
Q57.The main objective of setting up DICs was to promote under a single roof all the services & support required by small & village entrepreneurs. This scheme was introduced in May ___
1. 1970
2. 1975
3. 1978
4. None of the above
Ans: 3
Q58. MODVAT is to shift the burden of excise taxation away from inputs on to their final products. T/F
Ans. True
Q59. Diversification is an example of Internal growth strategy & Merger is an example of an External growth strategy. T/F
Ans: True
Q60. Which is not the content of the Project Report?
1. Transport
2. Products
3. Communication
4. All the above
Time Management
1.Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Management is a goal-oriented process.
(b) Management is a continuous process.
(c) Management is a dynamic process.
(d) Management is a rigid process.
Answer: (d) Management is a rigid process.
2.Which one of the following is not an importance of management?
(a) Integrating various interest groups
(b)Developing society
(c) Disciplining employees
(d) Inculcating creativity
Answer: (c) Disciplining employees
3.Management is not
(a) an applied science.
(b) a pure science.
(c) an art.
(d) an art and science both.
Answer: (b)a pure science.
4.In which category does management fall?
(a) Well-established profession
(b) Semi-profession
(c) Emerging profession
(d) Marginal profession
Answer: (c) Emerging profession
5.Top management is concerned with formulation of
(a) guidelines for supervisors.
(b) long-term plans.
(c) short-term plans.
(d) None of these.
Answer: (b) long-term plans.
6.Coordination is
(a) a management function.
(b) the essence of management.
(c) an objective of management.
(d) a social objective.
Answer: (b) the essence of management.
7.The element that aims at integrating group efforts to achieve group objectives is called ___
(a) Cooperation
(b) Coordination
(c) Management
(d) Directing
Answer: (b) Coordination
8.Managing Director is the position of ___ level of management in a large company.
(a) Top
(b) Middle
(c) Lower
(d) Middle and Lower
Answer: (a) Top
9.Management is multidimensional because it has ___ dimension(s).
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Answer: (c) Three
10.Management is a ___ directed process as it aims at achieving specified goals.
(a) Continuously
(b) Future
(c) Goal
(d) Deliberately
Answer: (c) Goal
11.___ is a systematised body of knowledge that explains certain general truths or operation of general laws.
(a) Science
(b) Art
(c) Profession
(d) Art and Profession both
Answer: (a) Science
12.Identify the feature of co-ordination being highlighted in the given statement: “Coordination is not a one time function, it begins at the planning stage and continue till controlling.”
(a) Coordination ensures unity of action
(b) Coordination is an all pervasive function
(c) Coordination is a continuous process
(d) Coordination is a deliberate function
Answer: (c) Coordination is a continuous process
13.Co-ordination is considered to be the essence of management because
(a) It is a common thread that runs through all the activities within the organisation
(b) It is implicit and inherent in all functions of the organisation
(c) It is a force that binds all the functions of management
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
14.This function of Management related to placing the right person at the right job is
(a) Organising
(b) Staffing
(c) Planning
(d) Controlling
Answer: (b) Staffing
15.This function of management relating to laying down the foundation for carrying out the other functions of management successfully is
(a) Organising
(b) Staffing
(c) Planning
(d) Controlling
Answer: (c) Planning
16.Organising as a function of management involves deciding
(a) What activities and resources are required
(b) Who will do a particular task
(c) Where will it be done
(d) All of the above
Answer: (d) All of the above
17.The main task of this level of management is to determine the overall organisational objectives and strategies for their realisation.
(a) Operational management
(b) Middle level management
(c) First line managers
(d) Top level management
Answer: (d) Top level management
18.Which of the following statements is not true for lower level management?
(a) Analyse the business environment and its implications for the survival of the business.
(b) Ensure the quality of the output
(c) They strive to reduce the wastage of resources
(d) They ensure that the safety standards are maintained within the organisation.
Answer: (a) Analyse the business environment and its implications for the survival of the business.
19.Which of the following is a function of top level management?
(a) Ensuring quality of output
(b) Assigning necessary duties and responsibilities to their departments
(c) Taking responsibility for all the activities of the business and its impact on the society
(d) Ensuring that the safety standards are maintained within the organisation.
Answer: (d) Ensuring that the safety standards are maintained within the organisation.
20.Which of the following is not a designation related to middle level management?
(a) Operations Head
(b) Sales Manager
(c) Chief Operating Officer
(d) Divisional Manager
Answer: (c) Chief Operating Officer
True or False
State with reasons whether the following statements are True or False.
1. “Management principles can be applied to all types of activities.”
Answer: True; management is pervasive.
2. “Coordination is required at all levels of management in all management functions.”
Answer: True; coordination is pervasive.
3. “Management involves the decisions by a manager and it is not a group activity.”
Answer: False; management is a group activity because it unites individual efforts in common direction.
4. Top management level is responsible for implementing plans and strategies of the organisation.
Answer: False; it is the responsibility of the middle management level.
1. Which of the following ‘5S’ tools makes things easier to locate?
Answers: • Standardize
2. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)You should not worry about things you cannot change.
ii)You should always set yourself unachievable targets so that you are always striving as hard as possible.
Answers: • Only i is true
3. According to Time Management principles, meetings are _______
Answers: • primarily about avoiding getting on with real work.
4. Which of the following is NOT an application of a Gantt chart?
Answers: • Mapping the dependencies between activities.
5. Delivering a motivating speech to employees can best be described as __________.
Answers: • investing time.
6. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)It is generally better to implement a fit-for-purpose rather than perfect solution.
ii)Non-IT-based tools should not be used to assist in planning one’s time.
Answers: • Only i is true
7. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)Time should not be wasted in reviewing performance, but used to plan the next task.
ii)To be of any value, monitoring activities must result in decisions being made.
Answers: • Only ii is true
8. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)It is generally more efficient to respond to crises as they arise rather than invest time in preventing them.
ii)An effective process should never be modified.
Answers: • Only ii is true
9. Which of the following activities is not an example of ‘investing’ time?
Answers: • Designing a more efficient process
10. For effective time management, SMART objectives should be set. Which of the following is not part of the acronym ‘SMART’?
Answers: • Achievable
11. Which of the following symptoms could NOT be the result of stress?
Answers: • Headaches.
12. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)Deadlines are always a motivating factor.
ii)Time management principles do not apply to the staff primarily engaged In routine tasks.
Answers: • Only ii is true
13. Which of the following techniques was/were created by Jiro Kawakita?
Answers: • Nominal Group Technique
14. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)For optimal performance, work should be entirely stress-free.
ii)Stress only applies to work-related issues.
Answers: • Only ii is true
15. Which of these is a hindrance in overcoming procrastination?
Answers: • Following a Time Management schedule
16. Which of the following might hinder the implementation of a Time Management approach?
i)Highly-motivated employees
ii)Lack of funds to invest in tools
iii)Predictable tasking
iv)Workplace culture
Answers: • Only i and ii
17. In which of the following situations would investing time be inadvisable?
Answers: • Where the cost of the investment is high.
18. Which of the following variables must be balanced against ‘schedule’ to assess the effectiveness of a process?
i)Quality
ii)Scale
iii)Cost
Answers: • Only ii
19. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)Managers who delegate usually experience lower absenteeism and staff turnover.
ii)Someone who manages their time efficiently should never have to refuse to take on a task.
Answers: • Only ii is true
20. ________ is a drive and a stimulus that helps you to accomplish goals.
Answers: • Motivation
21. Which of these is not necessarily a key element of a Time Management plan?
Answers: • Prioritizing goals
22. A/An ___________ is a specialized chart that exhibits data collected in such a way that important points necessary for the process under improvement can be demarcated.
Answers: • Time Chart
23. Which of these is a principle of Time Management?
Answers: • Be reactive, not proactive
24. The time spent planning an activity should
Answers: • not be included in calculating its overall cost.
25. The ‘Just-In-Time’ approach to production means
Answers: • prioritising ‘schedule’ above any other variable.
26. Which of the following is the best definition of ‘spending’ time?
Answers: • Using time unproductively.
27. Conducting a ‘time and motion study’ is primarily a means of:
Answers: • identifying underperforming workers.
28. Which of the following may affect your ability to handle stress?
i)Illness
ii)Hormones
iii)Tiredness
Answers: • Only i
29. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)Some types of tasks are better suited to certain times of the day than others.
ii)It is always better to prioritize ‘urgent’ tasks above ‘important’ ones.
Answers: • Only i is true
30. According to the ‘5S’ approach, which of the following implies keeping your environment clean and clear?
Answers: • Setting in Order
31. Who proposed the Pareto principle?
Answers: • Henry Kissinger
32. A/an ________ is an organized set of schedules which lists the time and the task/s to be executed.
Answers: • timetable
33. In which of the following situations is ‘Nominal Group Technique’ used?
i)When the group has new members
ii)When some members are not participating
iii)When tasks are allotted scores according to their importance
iv)When the manager wants to reduce his workload
Answers: • Only ii and iii
34. ‘Pareto Analysis’ is also known as the ________ rule.
Answers: • 80/20
35. Using __________ is an easy and fast way to achieve consensus on an issue.
Answers: • Delegation
36. Which of these techniques is usually associated with the Nominal Group Technique?
Answers: • Delphi Method
37. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)Time should not be invested in training unskilled staff.
ii)Investing time incurs short-term opportunity costs.
Answers: • Both are true
38. ‘Load-smoothing’ is best defined as:
Answers: • minimising risk by using multiple suppliers.
39. Which of the following is NOT a sensible way of handling stress?
Answers: • Increased alcohol consumption.
40. What do the lengths of the bars in a Pareto chart indicate?
Answers: • Urgent Tasks
41. Which of the following is NOT an effect associated with a ‘Just-In-Time’ approach to production?
Answers: • Increased vulnerability to the reliability of suppliers.
42. Which of these does not get increased when you adopt a Time Management schedule?
Answers: • Efficiency
43. Which of the following exacerbates rather than actually causes stress?
Answers: • Excess workload.
44. Which of these is a time stealer?
Answers: • Red Tape
45. On what basis are the scores allotted in an Action Priority Matrix?
i)The effect of the activity that is undertaken
ii)The time that gets wasted in procrastination
iii)The effort involved in doing the work
Answers: • None of the above
46. Which of the following statements is/are true?
i)A complicated task is best decomposed into a series of discrete, manageable tasks.
ii)It is better to switch frequently between concurrent tasks rather than complete them sequentially.
Answers: • Only ii is true
47. Which is the first step in a Time Management schedule?
Answers: • Reviewing your plan
48. What are ‘displacement activities’?
Answers: • Activities undertaken to put off starting something more difficult.
49. Every item is allotted a/an _________ in Time Charts.
Answers: • house
Fundamentals of Procurement Policy
1. What is the full form of EMD under procurement?
(A)Earnest Money Deposit
(B)Eligible Money Deposited
(C)Earnest Money Drawal
(D)Early Money Drawal
Ans: (A)Earnest Money Deposit
2. The Ministries /Departments have been delegated powers to make their own arrangements for procurement of goods under?
(A)Schedule of Administrative Powers
(B)Delegation of Financial Power Rules
(C)General Financial Rules, 2017
(D)Manual on policies and procedures for purchase of goods and services
Ans: (B)Delegation of Financial Power Rules
3. Which among the following should be incorporated in the tender enquiry in clear terms?
(A)deadline for submission of tenders; date, time & place of public opening of tenders
(B)requirement of earnest money and performance security
(C)parameters for determining responsiveness of tenders
(D)All the above
Ans: (D)All the above
4. The term ‘goods’ used in Manual on purchase of goods and services does not include?
(A)livestock
(B)furniture
(C)industrial plant
(D)books, publications, periodicals, etc. for a library
Ans: (D)books, publications, periodicals, etc. for a library
5. As per Article 299 of the Constitution, All contracts made in the exercise of the executive power of the Union or of a State shall be expressed to be made by?
(A)The Parliament
(B)The Prime Minister
(C)Central Vigilance Commissioner
(D)The President
Ans:(D)The President
6. Which among the following is/are the major legislations governing contracts of sale/ purchase of goods in general?
(A)Indian Contract Act, 1872
(B)Sale of Goods Act, 1930
(C)Both A and B
(D)None of the above
Ans: (C)Both A and B
7. Monetary guarantee furnished by a tenderer along with its tender is called?
(A)Invitation for Bids
(B)Earnest Money Deposit
(C)Bid Security
(D)Either B or C
Ans: (D)Either B or C
8. ATI as used in tender documents have the meaning?
(A)Additional Tender Invited
(B)Advertised Tender Invited
(C)Advertised Tender Enquiry
(D)Advertised Timely Enquiry
Ans: (C)Advertised Tender Enquiry
9. Which among the following shall be the feature of a tender document?
(A)user-friendly
(B)relevant to the objective of the purchase
(C)self-contained
(D)All the above
Ans: (D)All the above
10. Fundamental principles of public buying is contained in which Rule of GFR 2017?
(A)Rule 137
(B)Rule 122
(C)Rule 144
(D)Rule 119
Ans: (C)Rule 144
11. An entity who seeks to supply goods by sending tender/bid is called?
(A)Tenderer
(B)Bidder
(C)Either A or B
(D)Quarter
Ans: (C)Either A or B
12. When acceptable offers are received against an ad-hoc requirement of unreserved goods from various categories of suppliers, including Large Scale Sector, Public Sector Undertakings and Small Scale Sector, who will get price preference upto 15% over the others?
(A)Large Scale Sector
(B)Public Sector Undertakings
(C)Small Scale Sector
(D)None of the above
Ans:(C)Small Scale Sector
13. Legal framework governing public procurement is mentioned in which Article of the constitution?
(A)Article 311
(B)Article 299
(C)Article 310
(D)Article 144
Ans: (B)Article 299
14. Monetary guarantee furnished by the successful tenderer for due performance of the contract concluded with it is called?
(A)Earnest Money Deposit/ Bid Security
(B)Security Deposit/ Performance Security
(C)Pre Payment Deposit
(D)None of the above
Ans: (B)Security Deposit/ Performance Security
15. Negotiations with the tenderers must be severely discouraged. In exceptional circumstances, where price negotiations are considered unavoidable, the same may be resorted to, but only with?
(A)lowest evaluated responsive tenderer
(B)responsive tenderer having high quality
(C)highest evaluated responsive tenderer
(D)any responsive tenderer which the tender opening committee deems fit
Ans: (A)lowest evaluated responsive tenderer
Basic Concept of BPO
1:- what is a BPO?
A. Takes less time and is less detailed than an appraisal.
B. It is similar to a Comparative Market Analysis.
C. Provides an estimate of value.
D. All of the above.
Ans: D
2:- the BPO sector will provide ________ jobs at the end of 2011 and make a contribution of ____% of GDP.
A. 15,000 & 5%
B. 20,000 & 6%
C. 29000 & 5%
D. 15,000 & 8%
Ans: B
3:- In Data Capture/Data Entry Operation, which of the following statement is FALSE
A. Data Capture BPO are usually specialized in capturing Data whereas Data Entry BPO transform the Data into meaningful information.
B. Data Capture and Data Entry are both Low End BPOs
C. Accurate Data Capture is as important as Accurate Data Entry
D. Data Capture is the input process of Data Entry operations
Ans: B
4:- which one of the following is a TRUE statement about Near-Shore Outsourcing characteristics
A. Use of providers in one’s home country or region, typically a high skill, high cost country.
B. Use of providers in a different country or region, but with similar time-zone, culture or language skills.
C. Use of providers in a distant location with a different time-zone, culture or language skills.
D. All of the above
Ans: B
5:- The AT Kearney Global Business Location index report 2009 has classified Mauritius as
A. 25th in its ranking as an attractive BPO destination out of 50 countries
B. To be relatively poor in terms of skills & competencies in BPO domains
C. As a country which has made no improvement as compared to the 2008 ranking
D. All of the above
Ans: D
6:- How can you classify the government intervention to ensure adequate supply of skilled workforce in BPO in a specific country
A. Exogenous
B. Semi-Exogenous
C. Endogenous
D. All of the above
Ans: B
7:- The most common data conversion options are
A. Converting raw data into Microsoft Office (Missed:-
B. Convert from PDF to Word (Missed:-
C. Convert an audio file into text
D. All of the above
Ans: A,B
8:- Stages in the Growth Life Cycle in the BPO Sector can be categorised as:
A. Stage 1: Start Up > Stage 2: Value Addition > Stage 3: Competence Accumulation > Stage 4: Third Party Service
B. Stage 1: Third Party Service > Stage 2: Value Addition > Stage 3: Competence Accumulation > Stage 4: Start Up
C. Stage 1: Start Up > Stage 2: Value Addition > Stage 3: Third Party Service > Stage 4: Competence Accumulation
D. Stage 1: Start Up > Stage 2: Competence Accumulation > Stage 3: Third Party Service > Stage 4: Value Addition
Ans: A
9:- What are the factors which have an impact when deciding on a BPO destination?
A. Reliable telecommunications infrastructure
B. Cost of labour
C. Strong regulatory framework
D. All of the above
Ans: D
10:- The main characteristics of Knowledge Process Outsourcing are
A. Process are not easily codified
B. The agent has to interpret the information
C. The agent is expected to exercise judgement
D. All of the above
Ans: D
11:- Mauritius is positioning itself as a challenging BPO destination due to the following factors:
Choose all that apply
A. Reliable Infrastructure (Missed:-
B. Workforce easily scalable
C. Relatively cheap l+0abour (Missed:-
D. Strategic location (Missed:-
Ans: A,C,D
12:- What is the number of companies operating in the BPO/ITES Sector in Mauritius?
A. 350
B. 250
C. 150
D. 330
Ans: D
13:- The Mercantile Bank in the United States has contracted out its IT services to a company called “Mercantile Technology Inc” in Philippines and owned by Mercantile Bank US A. “Mercantile Technology Inc” could be categorized as:
A. Offshore Outsourcing
B. Captive Center
C. Bank Technology Center
D. All of the above
Ans: B
14:- In terms of cost characteristics, re-arrange the following outsourcing location decision from low cost to high cost (a:- Nearshore, (b:- Onshore, (c:- Offshore
A. a, b, c
B. b, a, c
C. c, a, b
D. b, c, a
Ans: C
15:- What do you think is the most important justification for a company to consider offshore decision?
A. Overall cost reduction
B. Productivity improvement
C. Efficiency/Effectiveness
D. All of the above
Ans: D
16:- Which of the following statement best describes Mauritius as a cost effective destination:
A. Mauritius has a large pool of global BPO talents working at a relatively low salary
B. The cost of telecommunication in Mauritius is much lower than in India
C. The cost of a specific BPO worker is 8 times lower than a similar worker which would work in a similar BPO company in the USA
D. All of the above
Ans: C
17:- A TRUE statement between Low End and High End BPO is
A. Both Low End and High End BPO are mainly Call Centers
B. Low End BPOs offer relatively much higher salary than High End BPO
C. High End BPO have more ruled based processes than Low End BPO and therefore require more skilled manpower
D. People working in Low End BPO companies usually stay much longer in that company than those working in High End BPO
Ans: C
18:- BPO companies involved in transcription normally
A. Capture data and translate it into text
B. Listen to a conversation on-line and translate it into text
C. Transforming an audio file into text
D. Translate from one language into a different language
Ans: C
19:- A BPO company specializing in image processing may provide the following services
A. Image Scanning
B. Image Conversion
C. Archiving
D. All of the above
Ans: D
20:- PECS Data, a Mauritian based company is involved in transcription services for a US institution and recruiting local transcription agents. PECS Data is therefore
A. A captive center
B. A Transcription BPO Vendor
C. An Offshore Outsourcing Center
D. All of the above
Ans: C
21:- Jenny was employed as Data Entry Operator at “Star Data Ltd”. Last year Jenny was offered the same position but with a salary increase of MUR 2,000 at “Super Data Ltd”, a company dealing with similar activities as “Star Data Ltd”. In BPO, we usually refer to this situation as
A. Attrition
B. Poaching
C. Changing Job
D. Work Placement
Ans: B
22:- Outsourcing decisions by customers are influenced by whether to go on-shore, near-shore or offshore. Which ONE of the following dimensions is true about this statement
A. Offshore > Low Cost but High Control
B. Nearshore > Low Cost but High Control
C. Onshore > High Cost but High Control
D. Homeshore > Low Cost but Low Control
Ans: C
23:- The main outsourcer is __________ and the main BPO destination is _________
A. France, Mauritius
B. USA, Mauritius
C. Europe, India
D. USA, India
Ans: D
24:- “Atom Finance BPO” is a local company engaged in Finance Process Outsourcing. It specialises in billing and invoicing services and doing work for a US Global FMCG company and for other companies involved in the MFCG activities. Which of the following therefore best describes “Atom Finance” business category?
A. Atom Finance is a “Captive Outsourcing” center for the US Global FMCG sector.
B. Atom Finance is operating in the Financial sector but specialises in the invoicing and billing operations
C. Atom Finance could be categorized as Low end BPO
D. All of the above
Ans: B
25:- In order to improve its global attractiveness index in BPO coming years, Mauritius should leverage on its:
A. Telecom Infrastructure
B. Skills and competencies of its BPO Workforce
C. Improving national competencies into global talents
D. All of the above
Ans: C
26:- In terms of cost characteristics, which of the following are outsourcing location decisions from low cost to high cost
A. Overall cost reduction
B. Productivity improvement
C. Efficiency/Effectiveness
D. All of the above
Ans: D
27:- When working for a BPO company which is involved in Portal Management. It is critical that this company should:
A. Have on-line access for the BPO agents
B. Have off-line access for the BPO agents
C. Have confidentiality access for the BPO agents
D. All of the above
Ans: A
28:- Which of the following statement regarding Low End BPO and High End BPO is false?
A. Low End BPO is Data Entry whereas Call Center is High End BPO
B. Both Low and High End BPO focus on Domain Expertise
C. Telemarketing of Cellular Phones is Low End whereas Data Entry of Supermarkets receipts for consumer behavior is High End BPO.
D. None of the Above
Ans: D
29:- Most commonly used databases for making data entry is
A. Microsoft SQL Server, ASP, Ms Access, Oracle
B. My SQL, FoxPro, ASP, Ms Access
C. Oracle, My SQL, FoxPro, Visual Basic
D. All of the Above
Ans: D
30:- what is BPO?
A. Business Process Outsourcing
B. Business Process Outsource
C. Business Project Outsourcing
D. Business Product Outsourcing
Ans: A
31:- why do real estate agents complete BPO’s?
A. To get REO Listings.
B. To waste time.
C. To learn about their neighborhood.
D. Because they have to.
Ans: A
38:- what is the THREE PDF formats commonly used in Data Capture/Data Entry Operation?
A. PDF Formatted Text, PDF searchable image, PDF Image Only
B. PDF Acrobat Reader, PDF Acrobat Writer, PDF Scanner
C. PDF to Word Conversion, Word to PDF Conversion, PDF to Image Conversion
D. All of the above
Ans: A
39:- you were asked to do a BPO for ABC BPO Company. ABC Company handles the BPO requests for 123 Lender. When you call the homeowner who should you say you work for?
A. Your company or your Brokers.
B. 123 Lender.
C. ABC BPO Company.
D. You are a subcontractor for ABC BPO Company.
Ans: B
40:- Who orders BPOs?
A. Banks.
B. Wall Street Firms.
C. Private Mortgage Insurance Companies.
D. All of the above.
Ans: D
Fundamentals of Learning
1.What is Learning ?
ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਉਹ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ। ਜਿਸ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕੋਈ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।, ਗ੍ਰਹਿਣ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।, ਅਤੇ ਸਟੋਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜਾਂ ਸਵੀਕਾਰ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀ ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾ; ਇਹ ਪਰਸਪਰ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ, ਅਭਿਆਸ ਅਤੇ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲਣ ਲਈ ਗਿਆਨ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ।
ਗੇਟਸ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ‘ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਖਲਾਈ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਸੋਧਣਾ ਹੈ।’
ਗਿਲਫੋਰਡ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ, ‘ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਦੇ ਨਤੀਜੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੋਈ ਤਬਦੀਲੀ ਹੈ।
2.Describe the concept of learning by giving suitable example.
ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਬਚਪਨ ਤੋਂ ਹੀ ਹਰ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਚੇਤੰਨ ਜਾਂ ਅਚੇਤ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਪਰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਅਸੀਂ ਇੱਕ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਮਾਹੌਲ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਾਂ ਜਿੱਥੇ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਕਈ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਥਿਤੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਹਾਲਾਤਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਮਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਾਨੂੰ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਾਹਮਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਪਵੇਗਾ।
3.What is Knowledge?
ਤਜ਼ਰਬੇ ਜਾਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਤੱਥਾਂ ਦੀ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਨਰ। ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ ਦੀ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਜਾਂ ਵਿਹਾਰਕ ਸਮਝ। ਕਿਸੇ ਤੱਥ ਜਾਂ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਗਰੂਕਤਾ ਜਾਂ ਜਾਣੂ।
4.Why learning is important ?
1. ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਆਮਦਨ ਅਤੇ ਰੁਤਬਾ ਵਧਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹੈ।
2. ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਨਵੇਂ ਮੌਕਿਆਂ ਤੱਕ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ ਨਿਭਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
3. ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਆਤਮ-ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।
4. ਇਹ ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਵਕਰ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।
5. ਤੁਹਾਡੇ ਟੀਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹੈ।
5.What are the Characteristics of learning
1. ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਤਬਦੀਲੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ।
2.ਸਾਰੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।
3. ਸਿੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਆਪਸੀ ਤਾਲਮੇਲ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ।
4. ਸਿਖਲਾਈ ਦਾ ਗਠਨ ਕਰੋ।
5. ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਇੱਕ ਜੀਵਨ ਭਰ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ।
6.ਲਰਨਿੰਗ ਪੂਰੀ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਬੇਤਰਤੀਬ ਨਾਲ ਵਾਪਰਦੀ ਹੈ।
7. ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਮੱਸਿਆਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹੱਲ ਕਰਨਾ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ।
8. ਲਰਨਿੰਗ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ।
9. ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੋਚਣ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਕਿਤੇ ਵੱਧ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।
10. ਸਿੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ।
Types of Learning Styles:
1. Visual learner
ਵਿਜ਼ੂਅਲ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਵਾਲਾ ਕੋਈ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤਸਵੀਰਾਂ, ਚਿੱਤਰਾਂ, ਲਿਖਤੀ ਦਿਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਹੋਰ ਬਹੁਤ ਕੁਝ ਸਮੇਤ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਖਣ ਲਈ ਅਧੂਰਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਨੂੰ “ਸਪੇਸ਼ੀਅਲ” ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੈਲੀ ਵੀ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਜੋ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸਿੱਖਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਹ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਤਰੀਕੇ ਨਾਲ ਸਮਝਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਦੋਂ ਇਸਨੂੰ ਵਿਜ਼ੂਅਲ ਤਰੀਕੇ ਨਾਲ ਪੇਸ਼ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
2.Auditory learners
ਆਡੀਟੋਰੀ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਲਈ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਦੋਂ ਵਿਸ਼ਾ ਵਸਤੂ ਨੂੰ ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਮਜਬੂਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਲਿਖਤੀ ਨੋਟਸ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਦੀ ਬਜਾਏ ਇੱਕ ਲੈਕਚਰ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਣਨਾ ਪਸੰਦ ਕਰਨਗੇ, ਅਤੇ ਉਹ ਅਕਸਰ ਨਵੇਂ ਸੰਕਲਪਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਆਪਣੀ ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀ ਆਪਣੇ ਲਈ ਉੱਚੀ ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ ਪਸੰਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਕਲਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਬੋਲਣ ਤੋਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਡਰਦੇ ਅਤੇ ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨੀ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਾਉਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਹੁਤ ਵਧੀਆ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਇਲਾਵਾ, ਉਹ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੌਲੀ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਅਕਸਰ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੁਹਰਾ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਇੱਕ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੱਸਦਾ ਹੈ।
3. Kinesthetic learners
ਕਿਨੇਸਥੀਟਿਕ ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਈ ਵਾਰ ਛੂਹਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਅਨੁਭਵ ਕਰਨ ਜਾਂ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਕਰਨ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਸਿੱਖਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਸੰਕਲਪਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣ ਲਈ ਘਟਨਾਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਬਾਹਰ ਕੱਢਣ ਜਾਂ ਆਪਣੇ ਹੱਥਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਸੰਪਰਕ ਕਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਸੰਭਾਲਣ ਲਈ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੋਣਾ ਪਸੰਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀ ਸਥਿਰ ਬੈਠਣ ਲਈ ਸੰਘਰਸ਼ ਕਰ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ
ਅਕਸਰ ਖੇਡਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉੱਤਮ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਾਂ ਨੱਚਣਾ ਪਸੰਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਅਧਿਐਨ ਕਰਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਵਾਰ ਬਰੇਕਾਂ ਲੈਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਪੈ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ।
4. Reading/writing learners
ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਵੀਏਆਰਕੇ ਵਿਧੀਸਿਧਾਂਤ 1992 ਵਿੱਚ ਫਲੇਮਿੰਗ ਐਂਡ ਮਿਲਜ਼ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ, ਪੜ੍ਹਨ/ਲਿਖਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਲਿਖਤੀ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ ਪਸੰਦ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਵਿਜ਼ੂਅਲ ਲਰਨਿੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਕੁਝ ਓਵਰਲੈਪ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਇਸ ਕਿਸਮ ਦੇ ਸਿਖਿਆਰਥੀ ਲਿਖਣ, ਲੇਖ ਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ, ਡਾਇਰੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖਣ, ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੇਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਇੰਟਰਨੈੱਟ ਦੀ ਖੋਜ ਕਰਕੇ ਹਰ ਚੀਜ਼ ਬਾਰੇ ਪ੍ਰਗਟਾਵੇ ਵੱਲ ਖਿੱਚੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ।
Difference Between Knowledge and Skill
| S.NO। | ਗਿਆਨ | ਹੁਨਰ |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਹੁਨਰ ਹਾਸਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਕਿਸੇ ਵੀ ਚੀਜ਼ ਬਾਰੇ ਜਾਗਰੂਕਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਜੋਂ ਲੇਬਲ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਦੂਜੇ ਪਾਸੇ, ਹੁਨਰ ਨੂੰ ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਅਤੇ ਸਖਤ ਮਿਹਨਤ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਯੋਗਤਾ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 2. | ਗਿਆਨ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ ਦੀ ਸਮਝ ਦੇ ਅਧਾਰ ਤੇ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਜਾਂ ਵਿਹਾਰਕ ਹੋ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਹੁਨਰ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਅਤੇ ਤਜ਼ਰਬੇ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਵਿਕਸਤ ਯੋਗਤਾਵਾਂ ਹਨ। |
| 3. | ਗਿਆਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਯਾਨੀ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ। | ਦੂਜੇ ਪਾਸੇ, ਹੁਨਰ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਕੀਤਾ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 4. | ਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਨਤੀਜੇ ਵਜੋਂ ਕੁਝ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਦਾ ਤਜ਼ਰਬਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਹੁਨਰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਯੋਗਤਾ ਵਧਾ ਰਿਹਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਪਸੰਦ ਹਨ। |
| 5. | ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਅਤੇ ਤੱਥਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਵਧਾਇਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਮਿਹਨਤ ਅਤੇ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਹੁਨਰ ਨੂੰ ਵਧਾਇਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 6. | ਗਿਆਨ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਇਹ ਜਾਣਨ ਦੀ ਲੋੜੀਂਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੋਈ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਤੱਥ ਸੱਚ ਹੈ ਜਾਂ ਨਹੀਂ। | ਦੂਜੇ ਪਾਸੇ, ਹੁਨਰ ਸਾਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਪੇਸ਼ੇਵਰ ਜੀਵਨ ਨੂੰ ਧਿਆਨ ਕੇਂਦਰਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਵਧਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ ਦਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 7. | ਗਿਆਨ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤੋਂ ਦੂਜੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤੱਕ ਫੈਲ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਹੁਨਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਚਾਰਿਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ; ਸਗੋਂ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹਾਸਲ ਕਰ ਲਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 8. | ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਗਿਆਨ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। | ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਹੁਨਰ ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਸਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਵਧਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। |
| 9. | ਉਦਾਹਰਨ- ਕੇਕ ਸੇਕ ਕਰਨਾ ਜਾਣਨਾ। |
ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ- ਖਾਣਾ ਪਕਾਉਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਿਖਲਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਤਜ਼ਰਬਾ ਹੋਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਕੇਕ ਪਕਾਉਣਾ। |
Types of Knowledge
ਉਪਰੋਕਤ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਚਾਰ ਪ੍ਰਕਾਰ ਦੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਤੋਂ ਇਲਾਵਾ ਹੋਰ ਵੀ ਕਈ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਹਨ। ਉਹ ਹਨ
- ਪੂਰਵ ਗਿਆਨ ਪੂਰਵ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਤੱਥਾਂ ਦੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਸਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ। ਕੋਈ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਆਸਾਨੀ ਨਾਲ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਕੱਢ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਕੋਈ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤੁਰੰਤ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਇੱਕ ਪੁਲ ਭਾਰੀ ਟਰੱਕਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰਾਂ ਦਾ ਭਾਰ ਲੈ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਸਹਿਜੇ ਹੀ ਸਿੱਟੇ ਕੱਢਣ ਦੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਪੂਰਵ ਗਿਆਨ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
- ਵਿਛੋੜੇ ਹੋਏ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਛੋੜੇ ਹੋਏ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਸੇ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਮਝਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ। ਗਿਆਨ ਕਈ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਵੰਡਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਕੋਈ ਡਾਕਟਰ ਆਮ ਜ਼ੁਕਾਮ, ਖੰਘ, ਜਾਂ ਫਲੂ ਦਾ ਇਲਾਜ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ, ਪਰ ਉਹ ਦਿਲ ਨਾਲ ਸਬੰਧਿਤ ਸਰਜਰੀਆਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ। ਡਾਕਟਰੀ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਗਿਆਨ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਸ਼ਾਲ ਅਖਾੜਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਕਿਸੇ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਸਮਝਿਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ।
- ਮਾਹਰ ਗਿਆਨ ਮਾਹਰ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਉਸ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਕੋਲ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਵਿਸ਼ੇ ‘ਤੇ ਮੁਹਾਰਤ ਹੈ। ਮੁਹਾਰਤ ਰੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਗਿਆਨਵਾਨ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰੋਫੈਸਰ ਨੂੰ ਕਈ ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂ ਦੇ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਬਾਰੇ ਸਾਰਾ ਗਿਆਨ ਹੋਵੇਗਾ।
- ਅਨੁਭਵੀ ਗਿਆਨ ਗਿਆਨ ਜੋ ਗਿਆਨ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਇੰਦਰੀ ਅੰਗਾਂ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ, ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਅਨੁਭਵੀ ਗਿਆਨ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾਤਰ ਖੋਜ ਕਾਰਜ ਅਨੁਭਵੀ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਯਾਨੀ, ਇੱਕ ਖੋਜਕਰਤਾ ਜੋ ਵੀ ਦੇਖਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਾਂ ਅਨੁਭਵ ਲਿਖਦਾ ਹੈ।
- ਸਪੱਸ਼ਟ ਗਿਆਨ ਸਪੱਸ਼ਟ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਜੋਂ ਪਰਿਭਾਸ਼ਿਤ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਦੂਜੇ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝਾਉਣਾ ਆਸਾਨ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਯਾਤਰਾ ਗਾਈਡਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਮੈਨੂਅਲਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਹਰ ਕੋਈ ਸਮਝਦਾ ਹੈ। ਕੋਈ ਵੀ ਆਸਾਨੀ ਨਾਲ ਸਮਝ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਯਾਤਰਾ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਕਰਨੀ ਹੈ ਜਾਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਗੈਜੇਟ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕਰਨਾ ਹੈ।
- ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਗਿਆਨ ਕਾਰਜਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਸ਼ਾਲੀ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਗਿਆਨ ਨੂੰ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਗਿਆਨ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਮੁੱਢਲੀ ਸਮਝ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਕੋਈ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਕੁਝ ਵੀ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ। ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਲਈ, ਕਾਰੋਬਾਰੀ ਸੰਗਠਨਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ, ਕੰਮ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਕਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਸੰਗਠਨ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਚਾਰੂ ਢੰਗ ਨਾਲ ਚਲਾਉਣਾ ਯਕੀਨੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।
ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਇਹ ਗਿਆਨ ਦੀਆਂ ਕੁਝ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਹਨ। ਹੋਰ ਵੀ ਕਈ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਹਨ ਜਿਵੇਂ ਵਰਣਨਾਤਮਕ ਗਿਆਨ, ਸਥਿਤ ਗਿਆਨ, ਮੈਟਾ-ਗਿਆਨ ਆਦਿ। ਹੁਣ, ਆਓ ਕੁਝ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੁਨਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਵੇਖੀਏ।
Types of Skills
ਜੀਵਨ ਦੇ ਹਰ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੁਨਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਮੈਦਾਨ ਦੇ ਆਧਾਰ ‘ਤੇ ਕੁਝ ਹੁਨਰ ਹਾਸਲ ਕਰਨਾ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਜਾਣ ਲਈ ਤਿਆਰ ਹੈ। ਹੁਨਰਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਸੂਚੀਬੱਧ ਹਨ।
- ਵਪਾਰਕ ਜਾਗਰੂਕਤਾ ਵਪਾਰਕ ਜਾਗਰੂਕਤਾ ਇਹ ਜਾਣਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਕੋਈ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਕਾਰੋਬਾਰ ਜਾਂ ਕੰਪਨੀ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ।
- ਸੰਚਾਰ ਸੰਚਾਰ ਇੱਕ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੁਨਰ ਹੈ ਜੋ ਹਰ ਖੇਤਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੋੜੀਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਸਪੱਸ਼ਟ, ਸੰਖੇਪ, ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ ਅਤੇ ਦ੍ਰਿੜ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
- ਟੀਮ ਵਰਕ ਇੱਕ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਜੋ ਟੀਮ ਦੇ ਅੰਦਰ ਕੁਸ਼ਲਤਾ ਨਾਲ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਕੰਪਨੀ ਲਈ ਮੁਨਾਫਾ ਕਮਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਪਾਬੰਦ ਹੈ। ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਟੀਮ ਦਾ ਖਿਡਾਰੀ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ, ਯਾਨੀ, ਉਸਨੂੰ ਕੰਪਨੀ ਦੇ ਟੀਚਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਯੋਗਦਾਨ ਪਾਉਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
- ਗੱਲਬਾਤ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਣਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਵੀ ਮਨਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਕਾਫ਼ੀ ਚੁਸਤ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਜੋ ਕੰਪਨੀ ਅਤੇ ਕਰਮਚਾਰੀ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਜੋ ਚਾਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਉਹ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਯੋਗ ਹੋਣ।
- ਲੀਡਰਸ਼ਿਪ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਲੀਡਰਸ਼ਿਪ ਹੁਨਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ, ਯਾਨੀ, ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਸਾਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸੌਂਪੇ ਗਏ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ ਟੀਚੇ/ਕੰਮ ਤੱਕ ਪਹੁੰਚਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਦੇ ਯੋਗ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
- ਦਬਾਅ ਹੇਠ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ ਜਦੋਂ ਕੰਮ ਦਾ ਬੋਝ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਤਾਂ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਸ਼ਾਂਤ ਰਹਿਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਦੁਖੀ ਜਾਂ ਨਿਰਾਸ਼ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ।
- ਆਤਮ-ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਇੱਕ ਵੱਡਾ ਹੁਨਰ ਜੋ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਕੋਲ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ ਉਹ ਹੈ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ। ਪਰ, ਇਹ ਨੋਟ ਕਰਨਾ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ ਅਤੇ ਹੰਕਾਰ ਵਿਚਕਾਰ ਇੱਕ ਵਧੀਆ ਰੇਖਾ ਹੈ। ਉਸ ਦੇ ਭਾਸ਼ਣ ਜਾਂ ਕੰਮ ਵਿਚ ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਹੰਕਾਰੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ। ਕਿਸੇ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਵਿੱਚ ਨਿਮਰ ਅਤੇ ਆਤਮ-ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸੀ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਇਸ ਲਈ, ਇਹ ਕੁਝ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ ਦੇ ਹੁਨਰ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤ ਕਰਨੇ ਚਾਹੀਦੇ ਹਨ। ਗਿਆਨ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਨਰ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਅਤੇ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਰਾਹੀਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਆਤਮ-ਸਾਮਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਇਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ, ਕੈਰੀਅਰ ਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਗਿਆਨ ਅਤੇ ਹੁਨਰ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹਨ।
1.What is essential for learning?
a. Self experience
b. Self thinking
c. Self activity
d. All of the above
2.The most appropriate purpose of learning is
a.personal adjustment
b.social and political awareness
c.modification of behaviour
d. preparing oneself for employment
3.Learning is a process of
a.Memorizing facts
b.Memorizing the text material
c.Meaning making through experience
d.Preparing for examination
4.Plateaus of learning are a characteristic feature of the learning process indicating a period where no improvement in performance is made”. Who said this ?
a. Skinner
b.Hollingworth
c.Gates and others
d. Ross
5.Which of the following principle is not included in Programmed Learning?
a. Principle of active responding
b. Principle of reinforcement
c. Principle of practice
d. Principle of small steps
6.If a person is getting help from his previous experiences of driving scooter during the learning of car driving, what type of transfer of learning is depicted in this example?
a. Vertical transfer
b. Bilateral transfer
c. Horizontal transfer
d. Positive transfer
7.Learning of children will be most effective when
a.Teacher will lead the learning process and keep the children passive
b.Development of cognitive, affective and psychomotor domain of children will take place
c. Emphasis will be only on reading, writing and mathematical skills
d. Teaching system will be autocratic
8.It is difficult for children to learn when
a. they are intrinsically motivated
b.learning is socially contextualized
c. content is represented through multiple ways.
d.information is presented in disconnected chunks.
9.The most appropriate purpose of learning is
a. development of social awareness
b. preparing oneself for employment
c. modification of behaviour
d. None of the above
10.Learning is an active process because:
a.learning takes place when there is some information given to the learner.
b.learning refers to memorization and an active change in one’s behaviour
c.knowledge is constructed by the learner by acting upon it
d.learning is governed primarily by biological factors
11.Learning curves are indicator of
a. Progress in learning
b. Originality in learning
c.Dynamic character of learning
d.Creativity in learning
12.”Learning is process of development” stated by whom?
a.Woodworth
b. Yokam
c. Simpson
d. Dr. Mace
13.Learning is:
a.Everything we know is learned.
b.A relatively permanent influence on behaviour, knowledge and skill.
c. Directly observable and measurable.
d. Limited to particular age le
14.A three-year-old child explains that milk is produced by a machine at the milk booth. Which one of the following offers the best explanation of the child’s understanding?
a. The child has very limited exposure of the world.
b.The child’s answer is based on his/her experience of buying milk from the milk booth.
c.The child has never seen cows.
d. The child’s family does not offer a stimulating environment to the child.
15.The most appropriate meaning of learning is
a.Acquisition of skills
b.Modification of behaviour
c.Personal adjustment
d.Inculcation of knowledge
16.Learning generally refers to any changes in behaviour that result due to
a.Maturation
b.Experience
c. Growth
d. Development
17.Expecting student to reproduce knowledge in the same way as it is received
a.is an effective assessment strategy
b.is problematic, because individuals interpret experiences and do not reproduce knowledge as it is received
c. is good, since we record everything as it is in our brains
d. is good, since it is easy for the teacher ot assess
18.Learning is a form of behavioural
a.withdrawal
b.continuation
c. modification
d. extension
19. Knowledge management is:
a. a discipline
b. based on information
c. digital networks as used in an organization
d. the process of capturing and using expertise
e. the same as the information value chain
20. The set of processes developed in an organization to create, gather, store, transfer, and
apply knowledge, best describes:
A. organizational learnings
B. knowledge management
C. organizational memory
D. knowledge assets
21. Expertise and experience of organizational members that has not been formally documented is known as:
A. knowledge sharing
B. tacit knowledge
C. organizational learning
D. organizational memory
22. The stored learning from an organization’s history that can be used for decision-making
and other purposes best describes:
A. Organizational learning
B. Knowledge warehouse
C. Best practices
D. Organizational memory
23. The most successful solutions or problem-solving methods that have been developed by a specific organization or industry best describes:
A. Organizational memory
B. Knowledge management
C. Best practices
D. Standard operating procedures
24. Major knowledge work applications include:
A. Investment workstations, computer-aided design systems, and intelligent agents
B. Document imaging systems
C. Virtual reality systems, intelligent agents, and investment workstations
D. Computer-aided design systems, virtual reality systems, and investment
workstations
25. Interactive graphics software and hardware that create computer-generated simulations which provide sensations that emulate real world-activities describes:
A. VRML
B. Fuzzy neural networks
C. Virtual reality systems
D. Genetic algorithms
26.. Artificial intelligence systems:
A. Do not exhibit the same level of intelligence as human beings
B. Can solve all problems intelligently
C. Substitute for experts
D. Can come up with new and novel solutions to problems
27. A knowledge-intensive computer program that captures the expertise of a human in
limited domains of knowledge describes:
A. virtual reality
B. a neural network
C. a decision support system
D. an expert system
28. A collection of internal and external knowledge in a single location for more efficient
management and utilization by the organization, best describes:
A. a knowledge repository
B. organizational memory
C. a data warehouse
D. knowledge management
29. Which of the following refers to rule-based AI tolerates imprecision by using nonspecific terms called membership functions to solve problems?
A. Genetic algorithms
B. Expert system
C. Hybrid system
D. Fuzzy logic
Life Skills and Education Multiple choice Questions
1. Which model is used for decision making?
A. SWOT model
B. MBTI model
C. POWER model
D. Johari window model
Answer:
C.POWER model
2. Which method is not used to enhance life skills?
A. Case study
B. Debate
C. stress
D. Roleplay
Answer:
C.stress
3. The values of life skills are:
A. Aware of their rights and responsibilities
B. Concerned about the welfare of others
C. Capable of having an influence on the world
D. All the above
Answer:
D.All the above
4. These are defined as psychosocial abilities for adaptive and positive behavior:
A. Recreational skills
B. Soft skills
C. Life skills
D. Vocational skills
Answer:
C.Life skills
5. It is defined the feeling or pity and sorrow for some one else misfortune:
A. Empathy
B. Sympathy
C. Values
D. Courtesy
Answer:
B.Sympathy
6. This relationships are between two are more people.
A. Inter personal
B. Intra -personal
C. Intimate
D. cordial
Answer:
A.Inter personal
7. It involves recognizing emotions with us and others, being aware of how emotion influence behavior.
A. Coping with stress
B. Coping with emotion
C. Empathy
D. Communication
Answer:
B.Coping with emotion
8. It is our body reaction to people and events and to our own thoughts.
A. Emotion
B. Stress
C. Relationship
D. Awareness
Answer:
B.Stress
9. It describe in detail what happened to a community, family or individual
A. Role play
B. Act
C. A case study
D. Play
Answer:
C.A case study
10. These are the activities structured to feel like the real experiencience.
A. simulations
B. communication
C. Drama
D. games
Answer:
A.simulations
11. Which method is used to enhance life skills?
A. stress
B. audio -visual activities
C. self unawareness
D. MBIT
Answer:
B.audio -visual activities
12. Critical thinking requires basic qualities as:
A. Open-mindedness
B. Flexibility
C. Persistence
D. All the above
Answer:
D.All the above
13. It is an informal dramatization in which people act out a suggested situation.
A. Debate
B. Role play
C. Caase study
D. grouping
Answer:
B.Role play
14. It is to think about and try to come up with ideas or solutions to a problem, either on your
A. creativity
B. analysis
C. brainstorming
D. synthesis
Answer:
C.brainstorming
15. The life skills approach encompasses and balances all the three components, namely Knowledge, and Skills.
A. Attitudes
B. Empathy
C. Sympathy
D. Apathy
Answer:
A.Attitudes
16. A novel way of seeing or doing things that generates new ideas, has a shifting perspective conceives something new and builds on other ideas.
A. Critical thinking
B. Creative thinking
C. Self-awareness
D. sympathy
Answer:
B.Creative thinking
17. The ability to imagine what life is like for another person is called
A. Self-awareness
B. Empathy
C. Critical thinking
D. Creative thinking
Answer:
B.Empathy
18. What’s the source of self knowledge?
A. Self perception
B. Social comparison
C. Feedback from others
D. All the above
Answer:
D.All the above
19. It can be regarded as an outcome of cognitive processes.
A. Problem solving
B. Decision making
C. Empathy
D. Critical thinking
Answer:
B.Decision making
20. It is the ability to see yourself clearly and objectively through reflection and
A. Critical thinking
B. Creative thinking
C. Problem solving
D. Self-awareness
Answer:
D.Self-awareness
21. In SWOT analysis, T stands for what?
A. Treatment
B. Tiredness
C. Threat
D. Thinking
Answer:
C.Threat
22. In OCEAN model, E stands for what?
A. Effectiveness
B. Extroversion
C. Empathetic
D. Elasticity
Answer:
B.Extroversion
23. It is the translation of the German term Einfühlung, meaning, ‘to feel as one with’
A. Sympathy
B. Sympathetic
C. Empathy
D. Empathetic
Answer:
C.Empathy
24. According to Daniel Goleman, “It is a master aptitude, a capacity that profoundly affects all other abilities, either facilitating or interfering
A. Critical thinking
B. Creative thinking
C. Interpersonal Skills
D. Emotional intelligence
Answer:
D.Emotional intelligence
25. These skills help us to relate in positive ways with people we interact.
A. Critical thinking
B. Creative thinking
C. Interpersonal Skills
D. Empathy
Answer:
C.Interpersonal Skills
26. Any aspect that you do not know about yourself, but others within the group have become aware of, is in your which area among
A. known area
B. unknown area
C. hidden area
D. blind area
Answer:
D.blind area
27. It is an ability to analyze information and experiences in an objective manner.
A. Creative
B. Critical Thinking
C. Problem solving
D. Decision making
Answer:
B.Critical Thinking
28. Productive thinking occurs when you effectively combine creative and critical
A. Knowledge of Ideas
B. Interpersonal skill
C. Products
D. Inputs
Answer:
A.Knowledge of Ideas
29. For decision making skill which one is helpful?
A. Active listening
B. Writing
C. Reading
D. verbalism
Answer:
A.Active listening
30. Verbal skills, Social skills and body language are important aspects of which skill?
A. Critical thinking
B. Creative thinking
C. Interpersonal Skills
D. Effective communication
Answer:
D.Effective communication
